` with `intent`\n pattern\n6. **SQLite persistence** — Val Town's project-scoped database\n7. **Loading states** — `useNavigation()` for optimistic UI\n\n## Project Structure\n\n```\n├── backend/\n│ ├── index.ts # Hono HTTP entry — SSR + data API + static files\n│ └── database.ts # Schema + all queries (one file, one table)\n├── frontend/\n│ ├── index.html # HTML shell template\n│ └── index.tsx # Client hydration + dataStrategy\n├── routes/\n│ ├── Home.tsx # The entire UI — todo list + add form\n│ ├── Home.loader.ts # Loads all todos from SQLite\n│ └── Home.action.ts # Handles \"add\" and \"toggle\" form submissions\n├── shared/\n│ └── routes.ts # Route tree (shared between server + client)\n└── README.md\n```\n\n## How It Works\n\n### Request Lifecycle\n\n```\nFirst visit (SSR):\n Browser → GET / → Hono → createStaticHandler → runs Home.loader\n → renderToString → full HTML response → Browser hydrates\n\nAfter hydration (SPA):\n User submits form → dataStrategy → POST / (X-Data-Request: true)\n → Hono → runs Home.action + Home.loader → JSON response\n → React Router updates UI\n```\n\n### Key Pattern: `serverLoader` / `serverAction`\n\nThe route tree in `shared/routes.ts` is imported by both server and client. The\nhelpers make this work:\n\n- **On the server**: dynamically import the real loader/action and call it\n- **On the client**: return a no-op stub (the `dataStrategy` handles fetching)\n\nThis means loader/action code and database dependencies **never ship to the\nbrowser**.\n\n### Key Pattern: `dataStrategy` (Single-Fetch)\n\nInstead of React Router calling each loader individually on the client, a custom\n`dataStrategy` in `frontend/index.tsx` makes **one HTTP request** with an\n`X-Data-Request: true` header. The server runs all matched loaders/actions and\nreturns their data as keyed JSON.\n\n## Extending This\n\n| Want to add... | What to do |\n| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| **More pages** | Add routes to `shared/routes.ts` with new `Component`, `loader`, `action` |\n| **Nested layouts** | Use `children` array in routes + `` in parent component |\n| **More tables** | Add queries to `backend/database.ts` (or split into separate files) |\n| **Search** | Add a route with a loader that reads `new URL(request.url).searchParams` |\n| **Redirects from actions** | Return `redirect(\"/path\")` — the `dataStrategy` handles it automatically |\n\n## Getting Started\n\n1. **Fork this val** on Val Town\n2. The database auto-initializes on first request\n3. Visit the HTTP endpoint to see the app\n4. Start extending!\n\n## Tech Stack\n\n| Layer | Technology |\n| -------- | ---------------------------------------------- |\n| Server | [Hono](https://hono.dev/) |\n| Routing | [React Router 7](https://reactrouter.com/) |\n| UI | [React 18](https://react.dev/) |\n| Styling | [Twind](https://twind.dev/) (Tailwind via CDN) |\n| Database | Val Town SQLite (`std/sqlite`) |\n| Runtime | Val Town (Deno) |","label",[63],"cfdb6138-0f86-11f1-9fc4-42dde27851f2","shared","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7c-34e7e0ef4ba1",["D",1771720710965],"directory",[170],"cfdb4946-0f86-11f1-9fc4-42dde27851f2","routes","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7c-2a606343932c",["D",1771720710965],[176],"cfdafc70-0f86-11f1-9fc4-42dde27851f2","frontend","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7b-fd9235b8b6a5",["D",1771720710965],[181],"cfc30502-0f86-11f1-9fc4-42dde27851f2","backend","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7b-d55bf5e7243f",["D",1771720710965],[186],"pulls","branches","forks","envVars",{"_197":85,"_199":85},"connections",{"_197":85,"_198":85},"count","unfilledCount","emptyCount",{"_27":185,"_13":186,"_61":187,"_37":-5,"_29":30,"_161":34,"_162":81,"_31":299,"_33":85,"_64":173,"_165":-5,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":300,"_124":301},{"_27":293,"_13":294,"_61":295,"_37":187,"_29":30,"_161":34,"_162":81,"_31":296,"_33":85,"_64":173,"_165":-5,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":297,"_124":298},{"_27":285,"_13":286,"_61":287,"_37":187,"_29":30,"_161":288,"_162":81,"_31":289,"_33":20,"_64":223,"_165":290,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":291,"_124":292},{"_27":277,"_13":278,"_61":79,"_37":187,"_29":30,"_161":279,"_162":81,"_31":280,"_33":164,"_64":281,"_165":282,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":283,"_124":284},{"_27":180,"_13":181,"_61":182,"_37":-5,"_29":30,"_161":34,"_162":81,"_31":274,"_33":85,"_64":173,"_165":-5,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":275,"_124":276},{"_27":268,"_13":269,"_61":270,"_37":182,"_29":30,"_161":34,"_162":81,"_31":271,"_33":85,"_64":173,"_165":-5,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":272,"_124":273},{"_27":261,"_13":262,"_61":263,"_37":182,"_29":30,"_161":20,"_162":81,"_31":264,"_33":34,"_64":48,"_165":265,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":266,"_124":267},{"_27":254,"_13":255,"_61":256,"_37":182,"_29":30,"_161":20,"_162":81,"_31":257,"_33":34,"_64":223,"_165":258,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":259,"_124":260},{"_27":175,"_13":176,"_61":177,"_37":-5,"_29":30,"_161":34,"_162":81,"_31":251,"_33":85,"_64":173,"_165":-5,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":252,"_124":253},{"_27":244,"_13":245,"_61":246,"_37":177,"_29":30,"_161":20,"_162":81,"_31":247,"_33":85,"_64":223,"_165":248,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":249,"_124":250},{"_27":237,"_13":238,"_61":239,"_37":177,"_29":30,"_161":20,"_162":81,"_31":240,"_33":34,"_64":223,"_165":241,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":242,"_124":243},{"_27":230,"_13":231,"_61":232,"_37":177,"_29":30,"_161":20,"_162":81,"_31":233,"_33":34,"_64":223,"_165":234,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":235,"_124":236},{"_27":169,"_13":170,"_61":171,"_37":-5,"_29":30,"_161":34,"_162":81,"_31":227,"_33":85,"_64":173,"_165":-5,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":228,"_124":229},{"_27":219,"_13":220,"_61":221,"_37":171,"_29":30,"_161":164,"_162":81,"_31":222,"_33":20,"_64":223,"_165":224,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":225,"_124":226},{"_27":160,"_13":63,"_61":62,"_37":-5,"_29":30,"_161":108,"_162":81,"_31":215,"_33":164,"_64":48,"_165":166,"_65":24,"_167":-5,"_216":217,"_124":218},["D",1771761364903],"children",[],[63],"e9d0d9c0-0fe4-11f1-96d1-42dde27851f2","routes.ts","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7c-2fe5fa5c6c26",["D",1771761127478],"script","import {\n type ActionFunctionArgs,\n type LoaderFunctionArgs,\n} from \"https://esm.sh/react-router@7.5.0?deps=react@18.2.0,react-dom@18.2.0\";\nimport { Home } from \"../routes/Home.tsx\";\n\nconst isServer = typeof document === \"undefined\";\n\n// On the server, dynamically import the real loader/action function.\n// On the client, return a no-op stub. The stub's presence tells React Router\n// this route needs data, but the client's dataStrategy handles the actual\n// fetching via a single HTTP request to the server.\nfunction serverLoader(importURL: string) {\n if (isServer) {\n return async (args: LoaderFunctionArgs) => {\n let module = await import(importURL);\n return (module.loader || module.default)(args);\n };\n }\n return () => null;\n}\n\nfunction serverAction(importURL: string) {\n if (isServer) {\n return async (args: ActionFunctionArgs) => {\n let module = await import(importURL);\n return (module.action || module.default)(args);\n };\n }\n return () => null;\n}\n\nexport const routes = [\n {\n path: \"/\",\n Component: Home,\n loader: serverLoader(\"../routes/Home.loader.ts\"),\n action: serverAction(\"../routes/Home.action.ts\"),\n },\n];",[],[170,220],["D",1771720710965],[213],[170],"caa29154-0f87-11f1-9965-42dde27851f2","Home.tsx","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7c-0b560a296e73",["D",1771721131961],"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0 */\nimport {\n Form,\n useLoaderData,\n useNavigation,\n} from \"https://esm.sh/react-router@7.5.0?deps=react@18.2.0,react-dom@18.2.0\";\nimport React from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\nimport type { Todo } from \"../backend/database.ts\";\n\nexport function Home() {\n const { todos } = useLoaderData<{ todos: Todo[] }>();\n const navigation = useNavigation();\n const isAdding = navigation.state === \"submitting\"\n && navigation.formData?.get(\"intent\") === \"add\";\n const $form = React.useRef(null);\n\n // Reset the form after a successful submission\n React.useEffect(() => {\n if (navigation.state === \"idle\") $form.current?.reset();\n }, [navigation.state]);\n\n return (\n

Todo List

\n\n {/* Add todo form */}\n \n \n \n \n {isAdding ? \"Adding...\" : \"Add\"}\n \n \n\n {/* Todo list */}\n

\n
\n \n \n \n
\n \n {todo.text}\n \n

\n\n {todos.length === 0 && (\n

No todos yet. Add one above!

\n )}\n\n \n

\n );\n}\n",[],[176,231],"caa28e70-0f87-11f1-9965-42dde27851f2","Home.loader.ts","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7c-04590b996403",["D",1771721131961],"import { getAllTodos } from \"../backend/database.ts\";\n\nexport async function loader() {\n return { todos: await getAllTodos() };\n}\n",[],[176,238],"caa20af4-0f87-11f1-9965-42dde27851f2","Home.action.ts","caa20b80-0f87-11f1-9965-42dde27851f2",["D",1771721131961],"import { ActionFunctionArgs } from \"https://esm.sh/react-router@7.5.0?deps=react@18.2.0,react-dom@18.2.0\";\nimport { addTodo, toggleTodo } from \"../backend/database.ts\";\n\nexport async function action({ request }: ActionFunctionArgs) {\n const formData = await request.formData();\n const intent = formData.get(\"intent\");\n\n if (intent === \"add\") {\n const text = formData.get(\"text\") as string;\n if (!text?.trim()) throw new Response(\"Text is required\", { status: 400 });\n await addTodo(text.trim());\n } else if (intent === \"toggle\") {\n const id = Number(formData.get(\"id\"));\n await toggleTodo(id);\n }\n\n return { ok: true };\n}\n",[],[176,245],["D",1771720710965],[209,210,211],[176],"caa27c50-0f87-11f1-9965-42dde27851f2","index.tsx","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7b-fa99b68ed4b6",["D",1771721131961],"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0 */\nimport { hydrateRoot } from \"https://esm.sh/react-dom@18.2.0/client\";\nimport {\n createBrowserRouter,\n redirect,\n RouterProvider,\n} from \"https://esm.sh/react-router@7.5.0?deps=react@18.2.0,react-dom@18.2.0\";\nimport React from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\nimport { routes } from \"../shared/routes.ts\";\n\n// Create a browser router with a custom dataStrategy for single-fetch.\n// Instead of React Router calling each loader individually, this makes ONE\n// HTTP request per navigation with an \"X-Data-Request: true\" header.\n// The server runs all matched loaders/actions and returns their data as JSON.\nconst router = createBrowserRouter(\n routes,\n {\n // @ts-ignore - hydrationData is injected by the server\n hydrationData: window.__staticRouterHydrationData,\n\n async dataStrategy({ request, matches }) {\n const matchesToLoad = matches.filter(m => m.shouldLoad);\n if (matchesToLoad.length === 0) return {};\n\n const fetchInit: RequestInit = {\n method: request.method,\n headers: { \"X-Data-Request\": \"true\" },\n signal: request.signal,\n };\n\n // For form submissions (actions), forward the body\n if (request.method !== \"GET\") {\n fetchInit.body = await request.formData();\n }\n\n const res = await fetch(request.url, fetchInit);\n const json = await res.json();\n\n // Handle redirects from actions\n if (json.redirect) {\n const results: Record = {};\n for (const match of matchesToLoad) {\n results[match.route.id] = { type: \"data\", result: redirect(json.redirect) };\n }\n return results;\n }\n\n // Map loader/action data back to route IDs\n const results: Record = {};\n for (const match of matchesToLoad) {\n const routeId = match.route.id;\n if (json.actionData?.[routeId] != null) {\n results[routeId] = { type: \"data\", result: json.actionData[routeId] };\n } else if (json.loaderData?.[routeId] !== undefined) {\n results[routeId] = { type: \"data\", result: json.loaderData[routeId] };\n }\n }\n\n return results;\n },\n },\n);\n\n// Hydrate the server-rendered HTML\nhydrateRoot(\n document.getElementById(\"root\")!,\n \n \n ,\n);\n",[],[181,255],"caa2770a-0f87-11f1-9965-42dde27851f2","index.html","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7b-f521acec0290",["D",1771721131961],"\n\n \n \n \n Todo List\n \n \n \n \n \n

\n \n \n\n",[],[181,262],"cfc33e96-0f86-11f1-9fc4-42dde27851f2","components","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7b-f1f1eaa5d913",["D",1771720710965],[],[181,269],["D",1771720710965],[205,206,207],[181],"2c4b5474-0fe5-11f1-bd9e-42dde27851f2","index.ts",5,["D",1771761239006],"http","import { Hono } from \"https://esm.sh/hono@4.1.0\";\nimport { renderToString } from \"https://esm.sh/react-dom@18.2.0/server\";\nimport {\n createStaticHandler,\n createStaticRouter,\n StaticRouterProvider,\n} from \"https://esm.sh/react-router@7.5.0?deps=react@18.2.0,react-dom@18.2.0\";\nimport React from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\nimport { readFile, serveFile } from \"https://esm.town/v/std/utils/index.ts\";\nimport { routes } from \"../shared/routes.ts\";\nimport { initializeDatabase } from \"./database.ts\";\n\n// Initialize the database\nawait initializeDatabase();\n\n// Create the Hono app\nconst app = new Hono();\n\n// Serve static files (frontend, shared, routes — needed for client-side imports)\napp.get(\"/frontend/*\", (c) => serveFile(c.req.path, import.meta.url));\napp.get(\"/shared/*\", (c) => serveFile(c.req.path, import.meta.url));\napp.get(\"/routes/*\", (c) => serveFile(c.req.path, import.meta.url));\napp.get(\"/backend/*\", (c) => serveFile(c.req.path, import.meta.url));\n\n// Create a static handler for server-side rendering\nconst { query, dataRoutes } = createStaticHandler(routes);\n\n// Handle all routes with React Router\napp.all(\"*\", async (c) => {\n const isDataRequest = c.req.header(\"X-Data-Request\") === \"true\";\n\n // Run loaders/actions on the server\n const context = await query(c.req.raw);\n\n // If the context is a Response (e.g., redirect from an action)\n if (context instanceof Response) {\n if (isDataRequest && context.status >= 300 && context.status < 400) {\n return Response.json({ redirect: context.headers.get(\"Location\") });\n }\n return context;\n }\n\n // Data-only request: return loader/action data as JSON\n if (isDataRequest) {\n return Response.json({\n loaderData: context.loaderData,\n actionData: context.actionData,\n });\n }\n\n // Full SSR render\n const router = createStaticRouter(dataRoutes, context);\n let html = await readFile(\"/frontend/index.html\", import.meta.url);\n\n const appHtml = renderToString(\n React.createElement(StaticRouterProvider, { router, context }),\n );\n\n html = html.replace(\n '

',\n `

${appHtml}

`,\n );\n\n return c.html(html);\n});\n\napp.onError((e) => Promise.reject(e));\n\nexport default app.fetch;",[],[186,278],"3af94f9e-0fe5-11f1-ae77-42dde27851f2","database.ts","caa1e966-0f87-11f1-9965-42dde27851f2",7,["D",1771761263634],"import { sqlite } from \"https://esm.town/v/std/sqlite/main.ts\";\n\nconst TABLE = \"todos_v1\";\n\nexport interface Todo {\n id: number;\n text: string;\n done: number; // 0 or 1 (SQLite has no booleans)\n}\n\nexport async function initializeDatabase() {\n await sqlite.execute(`\n CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ${TABLE} (\n id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,\n text TEXT NOT NULL,\n done INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0\n )\n `);\n}\n\nexport async function getAllTodos(): Promise {\n const result = await sqlite.execute(\n `SELECT * FROM ${TABLE} ORDER BY id DESC`,\n );\n return result.rows as unknown as Todo[];\n}\n\nexport async function addTodo(text: string): Promise {\n await sqlite.execute({\n sql: `INSERT INTO ${TABLE} (text) VALUES (?)`,\n args: [text],\n });\n}\n\nexport async function toggleTodo(id: number): Promise {\n await sqlite.execute({\n sql: `UPDATE ${TABLE} SET done = 1 - done WHERE id = ?`,\n args: [id],\n });\n}",[],[186,286],"cfc2f0bc-0f86-11f1-9fc4-42dde27851f2","database","019c82c8-9b9f-71cf-9c7b-cea6edb6ef75",["D",1771720710965],[],[186,294],["D",1771720710965],[201,202,203],[186],["D",1771720710965],["D",1789531852468],{"_11":12,"_123":68},{"_11":12,"_119":-5,"_67":68,"_25":66,"_120":121,"_122":24},{"_33":108,"_13":16,"_27":30,"_109":69,"_110":58,"_111":112,"_113":73,"_114":115,"_116":36,"_117":14,"_118":12},"ctx",{"_46":-5,"_145":340,"_341":342,"_343":344,"_345":24,"_346":24,"_347":24,"_348":81,"_349":-5,"_350":-7,"_351":-7,"_352":85,"_353":24,"_354":24,"_355":-5,"_356":24,"_357":24,"_358":24,"_359":-5},"ENV",{"_311":312,"_313":314,"_315":16,"_316":317,"_318":319,"_320":321,"_322":323,"_324":325,"_326":327,"_328":329,"_330":331,"_332":333,"_334":335,"_336":337,"_338":339},"REACT_APP_SENTRY_DSN","https://586020d86f05489db63a554690acf1e9@o1398359.ingest.sentry.io/6724499","RENDER_GIT_COMMIT","e87eb04e707cf64e7e532c8e8ec395f209e17f15","RENDER_GIT_BRANCH","POSTHOG_API_TOKEN","phc_nmoyuAkStEZuUp69rYlg1DZgrIt19Gx0Y4Hwf8tGgJP","POSTHOG_API_HOST","https://wart.val.town","WEB_API_TEMPLATE","https://{val}.web.val.run","APP_URL","https://www.val.town","MODULE_URL","https://esm.town","VANITY_WEB_API_TEMPLATE","https://{label}.val.run/","DENOLS_URL","https://lsp.val.town","NODE_ENV","production","CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY","0x4AAAAAACtaIZJH7s9rBMZ6","GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID","875989696899-jtsqkhlbdv5jrlsk8631p7ipjg3c6o62.apps.googleusercontent.com","STRIPE_PUBLISHABLE_KEY","pk_live_51N2zvWEpZTTLipIkVEwXrUG9AT0yeOOEYxszarZT1jpsZV58Ly6wlg3SltZpHN26CUalOBmUSY7adQRQiSkCZz2500qSXNkf8Y","API_URL","https://api.val.town",[],"preferencesKeybindings","default","preferencesTheme","light","preferencesFixers","preferencesCopilot","preferencesSelectionAi","preferencesCloseBrackets","preferencesChatPanelState","preferencesDprint","preferencesDenofmt","notificationCount","flagDenols","isBusinessOrgMember","businessOrgHandle","isBusinessOrgAdmin","isHigherTownieTier","navCollapsed","currentOrgId"]

History