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Annual Survey of Hours & Earnings · ONS / NOMIS · 1997–2025

London
Wages
Laid Bare

Twenty-eight years of workplace earnings across all 33 London boroughs — tracing how financial booms, austerity, gentrification, and a pandemic reshaped who earns what, and where.

33 Boroughs

1997–2025 28 years

£/week Median gross, FT

ASHE · ONS Source

Scroll to explore ↓

\n\n\n

\n About the data\n

Where the numbers come from

Source

Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE), produced by the Office for National Statistics and published via NOMIS. Covers median gross weekly earnings for full-time workers at their workplace (not residence) in nominal GBP, all 33 London boroughs, 1997–2025. Crown Copyright.

Chart 1 — year-on-year change

% change in median weekly pay, one borough per line. Scroll down to advance the timeline one year at a time. The axis, grid, and each line ease in as you scroll.

Chart 2 — absolute divergence

Absolute median weekly pay (£) for four borough clusters, 1997–2025. Scroll to grow the chart year by year, revealing the widening gulf between London's finance corridor and outer suburbs.

Key caveats

ASHE is sample-based. The 2006 methodology change may produce apparent shifts unrelated to real pay. Workplace basis: Tower Hamlets appears very high because of Canary Wharf, not its residents.

\n\n\n

\n Six findings\n

What twenty-eight years reveal

2.3×

Finance-led divergence

Tower Hamlets and the City of London more than doubled median weekly pay since 1997 — driven by Canary Wharf and the Square Mile.

↑ East

Inner-east gentrification

From ~2012, Hackney, Islington, Southwark and Lambeth surged above average as tech and creative employers moved east.

2012

Universal austerity dip

Public-sector pay freezes drove near-zero or negative growth across all 33 boroughs simultaneously — the clearest single signal in 28 years.

2020

Covid composition effect

Many boroughs show paradoxically rising medians: lower-paid furloughed workers left the sample, artificially pushing medians up.

2023–25

Broad-based surge

NLW rises, labour shortages, and union settlements drove near-universal strong growth. Outer boroughs led in percentage terms.

£540

Widening absolute gap

By 2025 the gap between Tower Hamlets (£1,251/wk) and Redbridge (£711/wk) exceeds £540/week — the widest ever in absolute terms.

\n\n\n

—

Year-on-year change in median weekly earnings

Full-time workers · workplace basis · all 33 boroughs · scroll to reveal year by year

\n\n\n

—

Absolute median weekly pay — four borough groups

£ per week · full-time workers · 1997 baseline → 2025 · scroll to grow the chart

\n\n\n

\n Deep dives\n

The stories behind the lines

Tower Hamlets: the Canary Wharf effect

In 1997 Tower Hamlets' median weekly pay (£454) was unremarkable. By 2025 it reached £1,251/week — second only to the City of London. The driver is Canary Wharf's concentration of global banking and law.

Crucially, Tower Hamlets residents remain among London's most deprived. ASHE measures where people work, not where they live.

2012: austerity lands everywhere

No year shows as uniform a signal as 2012. Public-sector pay freezes and employer caution drove near-zero or negative growth across all 33 boroughs at once — visible in chart 1 as a broad dip below the zero line.

Outer boroughs with large public-sector workforces — Enfield, Bexley, Havering — saw negative real-terms growth for two or three years running.

The inner-east gentrification gradient

From roughly 2014, Hackney, Islington, Southwark, Lambeth and Lewisham diverge visibly upward as tech, media and creative employers moved east. Hackney went from lower-middle earner in 1997 to £958/week in 2025 — a 132% nominal rise.

2020: Covid's statistical ghost

Many boroughs show positive growth in 2020 despite the deepest recession since the 1930s. Lower-paid workers in hospitality and retail were furloughed or made redundant, removing them from the sample. The remaining, higher-paid workforce pushed medians up artificially. The correction follows in 2021.

Airport boroughs: stable anchors

Hillingdon and Hounslow — anchored by Heathrow's enormous employment base — show smoother trajectories than most boroughs: fewer extreme spikes or troughs. Their 2020 dip is real and unusually sharp — aviation was among the hardest-hit sectors, unlike the statistical effect seen elsewhere.

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LondonWagesLaid Bare

Where the numbers come from

What twenty-eight years reveal

Finance-led divergence

Inner-east gentrification

Universal austerity dip

Covid composition effect

Broad-based surge

Widening absolute gap

The stories behind the lines

Tower Hamlets: the Canary Wharf effect

2012: austerity lands everywhere

The inner-east gentrification gradient

2020: Covid's statistical ghost

Airport boroughs: stable anchors

London
Wages
Laid Bare

Diff · v10