[{"_1":2,"_3":-5,"_4":-5},"loaderData",{"_5":6,"_7":8,"_9":10},"actionData","errors","root",{"_273":274,"_275":276},"routes/_app.x.$handle.$name",{"_98":97,"_32":46,"_106":88,"_27":107,"_13":14,"_108":-5,"_11":109,"_110":111,"_112":113,"_114":115,"_116":117,"_20":-5,"_118":-5,"_119":-5,"_120":25,"_121":122,"_123":58,"_124":-5,"_125":-5,"_126":127},"routes/_app.x.$handle.$name.branch.$branch.version.$version.diff",{"_11":12,"_13":14,"_15":16,"_17":-5,"_18":-5},"project",{"_44":45,"_32":46,"_39":47,"_48":-5,"_49":25,"_50":51,"_52":51,"_53":-5,"_54":-5,"_18":55,"_56":31,"_57":58,"_59":58,"_60":-5,"_61":62,"_63":64,"_65":66,"_67":68,"_69":70,"_71":-5,"_72":73,"_74":73,"_75":76,"_77":76,"_78":76,"_79":73,"_80":73,"_81":82,"_83":84,"_85":86,"_87":25},"version",12,"changes",[19],"aiChatInfo","userId",{"_20":21,"_22":23,"_24":25,"_26":25,"_27":28,"_29":28},"file",{"_30":31,"_32":33,"_34":38,"_36":37,"_39":40,"_41":14,"_42":43,"_24":25},"previous",{"_30":31,"_32":33,"_34":35,"_36":37},"deleted",false,"deletedHere","path","backend/index.ts","latestPath","fileId","3673b850-369d-11f0-96fa-9e149126039e","name","index.ts","fileType","script","content","import { Hono } from \"https://esm.sh/hono@3.11.7\";\nimport { getAllLanguages, getLanguageById, getAllVowels, getLanguagesWithVowel } from \"./data.ts\";\nimport { readFile, serveFile } from \"https://esm.town/v/std/utils@85-main/index.ts\";\n\nconst app = new Hono();\n\n// Unwrap Hono errors to see original error details\napp.onError((err, c) => {\n throw err;\n});\n\n// API Routes\napp.get(\"/api/languages\", (c) => {\n return c.json(getAllLanguages());\n});\n\napp.get(\"/api/languages/:id\", (c) => {\n const id = c.req.param(\"id\");\n const language = getLanguageById(id);\n \n if (!language) {\n return c.json({ error: \"Language not found\" }, 404);\n }\n \n return c.json(language);\n});\n\napp.get(\"/api/vowels\", (c) => {\n return c.json(getAllVowels());\n});\n\napp.get(\"/api/vowels/:ipa\", (c) => {\n const ipa = c.req.param(\"ipa\");\n const languages = getLanguagesWithVowel(ipa);\n \n return c.json({\n vowel: ipa,\n languages\n });\n});\n\n// Serve frontend files\napp.get(\"/\", async (c) => {\n const html = await readFile(\"/frontend/index.html\", import.meta.url);\n return c.html(html);\n});\n\napp.get(\"/frontend/*\", (c) => serveFile(c.req.path, import.meta.url));\napp.get(\"/shared/*\", (c) => serveFile(c.req.path, import.meta.url));\n\n// Export the Hono app\nexport default app.fetch;","http","createdAt",["D",1747871105877],"branchVersion","branchId","b5074f52-369c-11f0-b0bf-9e149126039e","id","b5072342-369c-11f0-b0bf-9e149126039e","voweltown",["D",1747870712841],"deletedAt","legacyEnvVars","privacy","public","httpPrivacy","description","imageUrl","8acb974a-4b91-4d4a-b000-6f28827b7e16","pinnedFileId","pinPreview",true,"pinMigrated","screenshotVersion","likeCount",1,"orgId","b74060f0-0f1d-44f1-bee2-bdb9c9cf72e4","tursoName","b5072342369c11f0b0bf9e149126039e","tursoHostname","b5072342369c11f0b0bf9e149126039e-val-town.aws-us-east-2.turso.io","tursoMeasuredAt",["D",1789560647748],"pinned","userPerm","r","valPerm","blobPerm","rw","emailPerm","sqlitePerm","projectPerm","telemetryPerm","user",{"_98":97,"_105":101},"org",{"_98":97,"_99":-5,"_100":101,"_18":55,"_102":103,"_104":25},"branch",{"_13":14,"_32":88,"_44":43,"_89":45,"_90":-5,"_91":-5,"_92":-5,"_93":-5,"_94":-5,"_95":46,"_96":97},"isOwned","main","projectId","forkedBranchId","forkedBranchVersion","forkedProjectPrivacy","forkedProjectId","forkedProjectOrgId","projectName","userHandle","neverstew","handle","displayName","avatar","https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/109fa713caf4e083c57622b7c6dad365.jpg?s=200&d=identicon","tier","free","canRestrictVals","profileImageUrl","branchName","","adoptOrgId",{"_44":45,"_32":46,"_39":268,"_48":-5,"_49":25,"_50":51,"_52":51,"_53":-5,"_54":-5,"_18":55,"_56":31,"_57":58,"_59":58,"_60":-5,"_61":62,"_63":64,"_65":66,"_67":68,"_69":269,"_71":-5,"_72":73,"_74":73,"_75":76,"_77":76,"_78":76,"_79":73,"_80":73,"_81":270,"_83":271,"_85":272,"_87":25},"tree",[164,167,177],"files",[164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177],"counts",{"_154":137,"_155":62,"_156":137,"_157":158,"_159":160},"contents",[128,129,130],"upstreamProject","upstreamBranch","emptyEnvVars","flags",[],"hasHttpFiles","grants","orgs","customDomains",{},{"_44":148,"_32":149,"_30":150,"_134":-5,"_42":43,"_41":151,"_135":58,"_39":152,"_13":137,"_34":146,"_36":-5,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_27":153},{"_44":141,"_32":142,"_30":143,"_134":-5,"_42":43,"_41":144,"_135":58,"_39":145,"_13":137,"_34":146,"_36":-5,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_27":147},{"_44":131,"_32":132,"_30":133,"_134":-5,"_42":43,"_41":62,"_135":58,"_39":136,"_13":137,"_34":20,"_36":138,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_27":140},"fc6d11e2-369c-11f0-ba7a-9e149126039e","README.md","fc6d1296-369c-11f0-ba7a-9e149126039e","parentId","latest",["D",1747870832621],0,"# Language Vowels Explorer\n\nAn interactive website to explore vowels across different languages.\n\n## Project Structure\n\n- `backend/`: Contains the API for serving language vowel data\n - `index.ts`: Main entry point for the HTTP API\n - `data.ts`: Database of languages and their vowel systems\n \n- `frontend/`: Contains the UI for browsing vowels\n - `index.html`: Main HTML template\n - `index.tsx`: Frontend entry point\n - `components/`: React components\n - `styles.css`: CSS styles\n\n## Features\n\n- Browse vowels from languages around the world\n- Interactive vowel chart visualization\n- Compare vowel systems between languages\n- Learn about vowel characteristics in different language families\n\n## Technologies\n\n- Backend: Hono (TypeScript)\n- Frontend: React with TypeScript\n- Styling: TailwindCSS","label",[132],"41c29bea-369d-11f0-9ac0-9e149126039e","frontend","81bad766-da04-4d8d-b8df-55cb1d21de61",4,["D",1747870948948],"directory",[142],"30652f5c-369d-11f0-b408-9e149126039e","backend","6d8048de-443e-4de7-9188-37462a3c63f4",2,["D",1747870919787],[149],"pulls","branches","forks","envVars",{"_161":137,"_163":137},"connections",{"_161":137,"_162":137},"count","unfilledCount","emptyCount",{"_44":148,"_32":149,"_30":150,"_134":-5,"_42":43,"_41":151,"_135":58,"_39":265,"_13":137,"_34":146,"_36":-5,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":266,"_27":267},{"_44":258,"_32":259,"_30":260,"_134":150,"_42":43,"_41":151,"_135":58,"_39":261,"_13":137,"_34":35,"_36":262,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":263,"_27":264},{"_44":254,"_32":33,"_30":31,"_134":150,"_42":43,"_41":14,"_135":58,"_39":255,"_13":62,"_34":38,"_36":37,"_24":25,"_139":46,"_179":256,"_27":257},{"_44":141,"_32":142,"_30":143,"_134":-5,"_42":43,"_41":144,"_135":58,"_39":251,"_13":137,"_34":146,"_36":-5,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":252,"_27":253},{"_44":247,"_32":206,"_30":200,"_134":143,"_42":43,"_41":242,"_135":58,"_39":248,"_13":137,"_34":146,"_36":-5,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":249,"_27":250},{"_44":239,"_32":240,"_30":241,"_134":200,"_42":43,"_41":242,"_135":58,"_39":243,"_13":137,"_34":35,"_36":244,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":245,"_27":246},{"_44":231,"_32":232,"_30":233,"_134":200,"_42":43,"_41":234,"_135":58,"_39":235,"_13":137,"_34":35,"_36":236,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":237,"_27":238},{"_44":223,"_32":224,"_30":225,"_134":200,"_42":43,"_41":226,"_135":58,"_39":227,"_13":137,"_34":35,"_36":228,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":229,"_27":230},{"_44":215,"_32":216,"_30":217,"_134":200,"_42":43,"_41":218,"_135":58,"_39":219,"_13":137,"_34":35,"_36":220,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":221,"_27":222},{"_44":207,"_32":208,"_30":209,"_134":200,"_42":43,"_41":210,"_135":58,"_39":211,"_13":137,"_34":35,"_36":212,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":213,"_27":214},{"_44":197,"_32":198,"_30":199,"_134":200,"_42":43,"_41":201,"_135":58,"_39":202,"_13":137,"_34":35,"_36":203,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":204,"_27":205},{"_44":190,"_32":191,"_30":192,"_134":143,"_42":43,"_41":144,"_135":58,"_39":193,"_13":137,"_34":20,"_36":194,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":195,"_27":196},{"_44":182,"_32":183,"_30":184,"_134":143,"_42":43,"_41":185,"_135":58,"_39":186,"_13":137,"_34":35,"_36":187,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":188,"_27":189},{"_44":131,"_32":132,"_30":133,"_134":-5,"_42":43,"_41":62,"_135":58,"_39":178,"_13":137,"_34":20,"_36":138,"_24":25,"_139":-5,"_179":180,"_27":181},["D",1747870832621],"children",[],[132],"44a19384-369d-11f0-bdb5-9e149126039e","index.tsx","44a19438-369d-11f0-bdb5-9e149126039e",5,["D",1747870953765],"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0 */\nimport React, { useState, useEffect } from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\nimport { createRoot } from \"https://esm.sh/react-dom@18.2.0/client\";\nimport { App } from \"./components/App.tsx\";\n\nconst root = createRoot(document.getElementById(\"app\")!);\nroot.render();",[],[142,183],"41c2917c-369d-11f0-9ac0-9e149126039e","index.html","41c2923a-369d-11f0-9ac0-9e149126039e",["D",1747870948948],"\n\n\n \n \n Language Vowels Explorer\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n

\n \n \n \n\n",[],[142,191],"9d019d76-369d-11f0-9186-9e149126039e","VowelComparison.tsx","9d019e2a-369d-11f0-9186-9e149126039e","6c71f67a-9171-484a-91ca-562baae4d08b",11,["D",1747871102034],"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0 */\nimport React, { useState, useEffect } from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\n\ninterface Language {\n id: string;\n name: string;\n family: string;\n region: string;\n vowelCount: number;\n}\n\ninterface LanguageDetail {\n id: string;\n name: string;\n family: string;\n region: string;\n description: string;\n vowels: Vowel[];\n}\n\ninterface Vowel {\n ipa: string;\n description: string;\n frontness: 'front' | 'central' | 'back';\n height: 'close' | 'near-close' | 'close-mid' | 'mid' | 'open-mid' | 'near-open' | 'open';\n rounded: boolean;\n examples: Example[];\n}\n\ninterface Example {\n word: string;\n transcription: string;\n meaning: string;\n}\n\ninterface VowelComparisonProps {\n languages: Language[];\n selectedLanguageIds: string[];\n onToggleLanguage: (id: string) => void;\n}\n\nexport function VowelComparison({ languages, selectedLanguageIds, onToggleLanguage }: VowelComparisonProps) {\n const [languageDetails, setLanguageDetails] = useState>({});\n const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);\n const [allVowels, setAllVowels] = useState([]);\n const [error, setError] = useState(null);\n \n useEffect(() => {\n // Fetch details for all selected languages\n const fetchLanguageDetails = async () => {\n setLoading(true);\n try {\n const details: Record = {};\n \n for (const id of selectedLanguageIds) {\n const response = await fetch(`/api/languages/${id}`);\n if (!response.ok) {\n throw new Error(`Failed to fetch details for language: ${id}`);\n }\n const data = await response.json();\n details[id] = data;\n }\n \n setLanguageDetails(details);\n \n // Extract all unique vowels\n const vowelSet = new Set();\n Object.values(details).forEach(lang => {\n lang.vowels.forEach(vowel => {\n vowelSet.add(vowel.ipa);\n });\n });\n \n setAllVowels(Array.from(vowelSet).sort());\n setLoading(false);\n } catch (err) {\n setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'An error occurred');\n setLoading(false);\n }\n };\n \n if (selectedLanguageIds.length > 0) {\n fetchLanguageDetails();\n } else {\n setLanguageDetails({});\n setAllVowels([]);\n setLoading(false);\n }\n }, [selectedLanguageIds]);\n \n if (loading) {\n return (\n

Loading language data...

\n );\n }\n \n if (error) {\n return (\n

Error

{error}

\n );\n }\n \n return (\n

Compare Vowel Systems

\n \n

Select Languages to Compare

\n {languages.map(lang => (\n onToggleLanguage(lang.id)}\n >\n

{lang.name}

{lang.vowelCount} vowels

\n ))}\n

\n \n {selectedLanguageIds.length > 0 ? (\n <>\n

\n \n \n \n \n {selectedLanguageIds.map(id => (\n \n ))}\n \n \n \n {allVowels.map(vowel => (\n \n \n {selectedLanguageIds.map(id => {\n const langVowel = languageDetails[id]?.vowels.find(v => v.ipa === vowel);\n return (\n \n );\n })}\n \n ))}\n \n

\n Vowel\n	\n {languageDetails[id]?.name \|\| id}\n
\n {vowel} \n	\n {langVowel ? (\n \n {langVowel.description} \n {langVowel.examples.length > 0 && (\n \n Example: {langVowel.examples[0].word} {langVowel.examples[0].transcription}\n \n )}\n \n ) : (\n —\n )}\n

\n \n

Vowel System Comparison

\n \n

\n {selectedLanguageIds.map(id => {\n const lang = languageDetails[id];\n if (!lang) return null;\n \n return (\n

{lang.name}

{lang.family} • {lang.region}

\n \n

\n Total vowels: {lang.vowels.length}\n

\n Front vowels: {lang.vowels.filter(v => v.frontness === 'front').length}\n

\n Central vowels: {lang.vowels.filter(v => v.frontness === 'central').length}\n

\n Back vowels: {lang.vowels.filter(v => v.frontness === 'back').length}\n

\n Rounded vowels: {lang.vowels.filter(v => v.rounded).length}\n

\n );\n })}\n

\n \n

Insights

Select more languages to compare their vowel systems.
\n {selectedLanguageIds.map(id => languageDetails[id]?.name).join(' and ')} \n {selectedLanguageIds.length === 2 ? ' have ' : ' all have '}\n {allVowels.filter(vowel => \n selectedLanguageIds.every(id => \n languageDetails[id]?.vowels.some(v => v.ipa === vowel)\n )\n ).length} vowels in common.\n
\n {languageDetails[selectedLanguageIds[0]]?.name} has {\n languageDetails[selectedLanguageIds[0]]?.vowels.filter(v => \n !languageDetails[selectedLanguageIds[1]]?.vowels.some(v2 => v2.ipa === v.ipa)\n ).length\n } vowels that {languageDetails[selectedLanguageIds[1]]?.name} doesn't have.\n
\n {Math.max(...selectedLanguageIds.map(id => languageDetails[id]?.vowels.filter(v => v.rounded).length || 0)) > 0 ? \n `${languageDetails[selectedLanguageIds.find(id => \n (languageDetails[id]?.vowels.filter(v => v.rounded).length || 0) === \n Math.max(...selectedLanguageIds.map(id => languageDetails[id]?.vowels.filter(v => v.rounded).length || 0))\n ) || '']?.name} has the most rounded vowels.` : \n 'None of these languages have rounded vowels.'\n }\n

\n \n ) : (\n

Select at least one language to see comparison data

\n )}\n \n );\n}",[],[142,206,198],"components","72dc1f30-369d-11f0-98c9-9e149126039e","VowelChart.tsx","72dc1fd0-369d-11f0-98c9-9e149126039e",9,["D",1747871031324],"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0 */\nimport React, { useState } from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\n\ninterface Vowel {\n ipa: string;\n description: string;\n frontness: 'front' | 'central' | 'back';\n height: 'close' | 'near-close' | 'close-mid' | 'mid' | 'open-mid' | 'near-open' | 'open';\n rounded: boolean;\n examples: {\n word: string;\n transcription: string;\n meaning: string;\n }[];\n}\n\ninterface VowelChartProps {\n vowels: Vowel[];\n}\n\nexport function VowelChart({ vowels }: VowelChartProps) {\n const [selectedVowel, setSelectedVowel] = useState(null);\n \n // Map vowel height to y-coordinate (percentage)\n const heightToY = (height: string): number => {\n const heightMap: Record = {\n 'close': 10,\n 'near-close': 20,\n 'close-mid': 30,\n 'mid': 50,\n 'open-mid': 70,\n 'near-open': 80,\n 'open': 90\n };\n return heightMap[height] || 50;\n };\n \n // Map vowel frontness to x-coordinate (percentage)\n const frontnessToX = (frontness: string): number => {\n const frontnessMap: Record = {\n 'front': 20,\n 'central': 50,\n 'back': 80\n };\n return frontnessMap[frontness] || 50;\n };\n \n // Get color based on vowel roundedness\n const getColor = (rounded: boolean): string => {\n return rounded ? 'bg-blue-100' : 'bg-red-100';\n };\n \n const handleVowelClick = (vowel: Vowel) => {\n setSelectedVowel(vowel === selectedVowel ? null : vowel);\n };\n \n return (\n

Vowel Chart

\n \n

\n {/* Chart grid lines and labels */}\n

\n {/* Horizontal lines for height */}\n

\n \n {/* Vertical lines for frontness */}\n

\n \n {/* Height labels */}\n

Close-mid

Mid

Open-mid

Open

\n \n {/* Frontness labels */}\n

Front

Central

Back

\n \n {/* Vowel points */}\n {vowels.map((vowel) => {\n const x = frontnessToX(vowel.frontness);\n const y = heightToY(vowel.height);\n \n return (\n handleVowelClick(vowel)}\n >\n {vowel.ipa}\n

\n );\n })}\n

\n \n {/* Legend */}\n

\n Unrounded vowels\n

\n Rounded vowels\n

\n \n {/* Selected vowel details */}\n {selectedVowel && (\n

\n {selectedVowel.ipa}\n {selectedVowel.description}\n

\n \n

\n Height: {selectedVowel.height}\n

\n Frontness: {selectedVowel.frontness}\n

\n Rounded: {selectedVowel.rounded ? 'Yes' : 'No'}\n

\n \n

Examples:

\n {selectedVowel.examples.map((example, index) => (\n

{example.word}

{example.transcription}

{example.meaning}

\n ))}\n

\n )}\n \n );\n}",[],[142,206,208],"6207e2e8-369d-11f0-bfd7-9e149126039e","LanguageSelector.tsx","6207e3a6-369d-11f0-bfd7-9e149126039e",8,["D",1747871003090],"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0 */\nimport React, { useState } from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\n\ninterface Language {\n id: string;\n name: string;\n family: string;\n region: string;\n vowelCount: number;\n}\n\ninterface LanguageSelectorProps {\n languages: Language[];\n selectedLanguageId: string;\n onLanguageChange: (id: string) => void;\n}\n\nexport function LanguageSelector({ languages, selectedLanguageId, onLanguageChange }: LanguageSelectorProps) {\n const [searchTerm, setSearchTerm] = useState('');\n const [filterFamily, setFilterFamily] = useState(null);\n \n // Get unique language families\n const families = Array.from(new Set(languages.map(lang => lang.family)));\n \n // Filter languages based on search and family filter\n const filteredLanguages = languages.filter(lang => {\n const matchesSearch = lang.name.toLowerCase().includes(searchTerm.toLowerCase());\n const matchesFamily = filterFamily ? lang.family === filterFamily : true;\n return matchesSearch && matchesFamily;\n });\n \n return (\n

Select a Language

\n \n

\n setSearchTerm(e.target.value)}\n />\n

\n \n

\n Filter by Family\n setFilterFamily(e.target.value || null)}\n >\n \n {families.map(family => (\n \n ))}\n \n

\n \n

\n {filteredLanguages.map(language => (\n onLanguageChange(language.id)}\n >\n

{language.name}

{language.family}

\n {language.region}\n {language.vowelCount} vowels\n

\n ))}\n \n {filteredLanguages.length === 0 && (\n

\n No languages found matching your criteria\n

\n )}\n

\n \n );\n}",[],[142,206,216],"84a28e84-369d-11f0-a3f9-9e149126039e","LanguageDetails.tsx","84a28f10-369d-11f0-a3f9-9e149126039e",10,["D",1747871061145],"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0 */\nimport React, { useState } from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\n\ninterface Example {\n word: string;\n transcription: string;\n meaning: string;\n}\n\ninterface Vowel {\n ipa: string;\n description: string;\n frontness: 'front' | 'central' | 'back';\n height: 'close' | 'near-close' | 'close-mid' | 'mid' | 'open-mid' | 'near-open' | 'open';\n rounded: boolean;\n examples: Example[];\n}\n\ninterface Language {\n id: string;\n name: string;\n family: string;\n region: string;\n description: string;\n vowels: Vowel[];\n}\n\ninterface LanguageDetailsProps {\n language: Language;\n}\n\nexport function LanguageDetails({ language }: LanguageDetailsProps) {\n const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<'list' | 'facts'>('list');\n \n return (\n

\n \n

\n {activeTab === 'list' && (\n

Vowel Inventory

\n {language.vowels.map(vowel => (\n

\n {vowel.ipa}\n {vowel.description}\n

\n \n

Height: {vowel.height}

Frontness: {vowel.frontness}

Rounded: {vowel.rounded ? 'Yes' : 'No'}

\n \n

Examples:

\n {example.word} {example.transcription}\n
{example.meaning}
\n

\n ))}\n

\n )}\n \n {activeTab === 'facts' && (\n

About {language.name}

\n \n

Language Family

{language.family}

Region

{language.region}

Number of Vowels

{language.vowels.length}

Rounded Vowels

{language.vowels.filter(v => v.rounded).length} out of {language.vowels.length}

\n \n

Vowel System Characteristics

{language.description}

\n \n

Fun Facts

English has one of the most complex vowel systems among the world's languages.
English vowels vary significantly between dialects, with American, British, Australian, and other varieties having different vowel inventories.
The Great Vowel Shift was a major change in pronunciation that began in the 15th century, affecting all Middle English long vowels.
Spanish has one of the simplest vowel systems among major world languages, with just five vowels.
Unlike English, Spanish vowels are pronounced consistently across different dialects.
Spanish doesn't have reduced vowels like the schwa sound in English.
Japanese has a simple five-vowel system but distinguishes between short and long vowels.
The Japanese 'u' sound is actually an unrounded high back vowel, different from the English 'u'.
Japanese vowels can be \"devoiced\" (whispered) when they occur between voiceless consonants.
French has several front rounded vowels, which are rare in the world's languages.
French is one of the few major languages with distinctive nasal vowels.
The French 'e muet' (mute e) is often not pronounced, especially at the end of words.
Arabic has a simple three-vowel system with length distinction.
The pronunciation of vowels in Arabic can be influenced by neighboring consonants.
Classical Arabic preserves the vowel system of the language as it was spoken in the 7th century.
Mandarin Chinese has relatively few vowels but combines them with tones to create more distinctions.
The pronunciation of vowels in Mandarin can change based on the tone.
Mandarin has both rounded and unrounded front vowels.

\n )}\n

\n );\n}",[],[142,206,224],"59b3d87c-369d-11f0-8d82-9e149126039e","Header.tsx","59b3d93a-369d-11f0-8d82-9e149126039e",7,["D",1747870989114],"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0 */\nimport React from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\n\nexport function Header() {\n return (\n

\n 🔊 Language Vowels Explorer\n

\n Discover and compare vowel systems from languages around the world\n

\n \n

\n {['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y', 'ø', 'œ'].map(vowel => (\n

\n {vowel}\n

\n ))}\n

\n );\n}",[],[142,206,232],"530d3220-369d-11f0-a425-9e149126039e","App.tsx","530d32ca-369d-11f0-a425-9e149126039e",6,["D",1747870977955],"/** @jsxImportSource https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0 */\nimport React, { useState, useEffect } from \"https://esm.sh/react@18.2.0\";\nimport { Header } from \"./Header.tsx\";\nimport { LanguageSelector } from \"./LanguageSelector.tsx\";\nimport { VowelChart } from \"./VowelChart.tsx\";\nimport { LanguageDetails } from \"./LanguageDetails.tsx\";\nimport { VowelComparison } from \"./VowelComparison.tsx\";\n\ninterface Language {\n id: string;\n name: string;\n family: string;\n region: string;\n vowelCount: number;\n}\n\ninterface LanguageDetail extends Language {\n description: string;\n vowels: Vowel[];\n}\n\ninterface Vowel {\n ipa: string;\n description: string;\n frontness: 'front' | 'central' | 'back';\n height: 'close' | 'near-close' | 'close-mid' | 'mid' | 'open-mid' | 'near-open' | 'open';\n rounded: boolean;\n examples: Example[];\n}\n\ninterface Example {\n word: string;\n transcription: string;\n meaning: string;\n}\n\nexport function App() {\n const [languages, setLanguages] = useState([]);\n const [selectedLanguage, setSelectedLanguage] = useState(null);\n const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);\n const [error, setError] = useState(null);\n const [view, setView] = useState<'language' | 'comparison'>('language');\n const [comparisonLanguages, setComparisonLanguages] = useState([]);\n\n useEffect(() => {\n // Fetch all languages\n fetch('/api/languages')\n .then(response => {\n if (!response.ok) {\n throw new Error('Failed to fetch languages');\n }\n return response.json();\n })\n .then(data => {\n setLanguages(data);\n setLoading(false);\n \n // Select the first language by default\n if (data.length > 0) {\n fetchLanguageDetails(data[0].id);\n }\n })\n .catch(err => {\n setError(err.message);\n setLoading(false);\n });\n }, []);\n\n const fetchLanguageDetails = (id: string) => {\n setLoading(true);\n fetch(`/api/languages/${id}`)\n .then(response => {\n if (!response.ok) {\n throw new Error('Failed to fetch language details');\n }\n return response.json();\n })\n .then(data => {\n setSelectedLanguage(data);\n setLoading(false);\n })\n .catch(err => {\n setError(err.message);\n setLoading(false);\n });\n };\n\n const handleLanguageChange = (id: string) => {\n fetchLanguageDetails(id);\n setView('language');\n };\n\n const toggleComparisonLanguage = (id: string) => {\n setComparisonLanguages(prev => {\n if (prev.includes(id)) {\n return prev.filter(langId => langId !== id);\n } else {\n return [...prev, id];\n }\n });\n };\n\n const switchToComparison = () => {\n if (selectedLanguage) {\n setComparisonLanguages([selectedLanguage.id]);\n setView('comparison');\n }\n };\n\n if (loading && !selectedLanguage) {\n return (\n

Loading language data...

\n );\n }\n\n if (error) {\n return (\n

Error

{error}

\n \n

\n );\n }\n\n return (\n

\n \n

\n \n \n

\n \n Compare Vowel Systems\n \n

\n \n

\n {view === 'language' && selectedLanguage && (\n

{selectedLanguage.name} Vowel System

{selectedLanguage.description}

\n \n \n \n \n

\n )}\n \n {view === 'comparison' && (\n \n )}\n

\n \n \n

\n );\n}",[],[142,206,240],"530d57dc-369d-11f0-a425-9e149126039e",["D",1747870977955],[169,170,171,172,173,174],[142,206],["D",1747870948948],[168,175,176],[142],"9f4c96ee-369d-11f0-bdb5-9e149126039e",["D",1747871105877],[],[149,33],"3064e40c-369d-11f0-b408-9e149126039e","data.ts","3064e4a2-369d-11f0-b408-9e149126039e",["D",1747870919787],"// Data structure for language vowel information\nexport interface Language {\n id: string;\n name: string;\n family: string;\n region: string;\n vowels: Vowel[];\n description: string;\n}\n\nexport interface Vowel {\n ipa: string;\n description: string;\n frontness: 'front' | 'central' | 'back';\n height: 'close' | 'near-close' | 'close-mid' | 'mid' | 'open-mid' | 'near-open' | 'open';\n rounded: boolean;\n examples: Example[];\n}\n\nexport interface Example {\n word: string;\n transcription: string;\n meaning: string;\n}\n\n// Database of languages and their vowel systems\nexport const languages: Language[] = [\n {\n id: \"english\",\n name: \"English\",\n family: \"Indo-European\",\n region: \"Europe/North America\",\n description: \"English has a complex vowel system with many diphthongs and variations between dialects.\",\n vowels: [\n {\n ipa: \"i\",\n description: \"Close front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"see\", transcription: \"/siː/\", meaning: \"to perceive with the eyes\" },\n { word: \"beat\", transcription: \"/biːt/\", meaning: \"to strike repeatedly\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɪ\",\n description: \"Near-close front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"near-close\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"bit\", transcription: \"/bɪt/\", meaning: \"a small piece\" },\n { word: \"sit\", transcription: \"/sɪt/\", meaning: \"to rest with the body supported\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"e\",\n description: \"Close-mid front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"say\", transcription: \"/seɪ/\", meaning: \"to speak\" },\n { word: \"bait\", transcription: \"/beɪt/\", meaning: \"to entice\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɛ\",\n description: \"Open-mid front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"open-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"bet\", transcription: \"/bɛt/\", meaning: \"to wager\" },\n { word: \"set\", transcription: \"/sɛt/\", meaning: \"to put in a specified position\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"æ\",\n description: \"Near-open front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"near-open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"bat\", transcription: \"/bæt/\", meaning: \"a flying mammal\" },\n { word: \"cat\", transcription: \"/kæt/\", meaning: \"a small domesticated feline\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɑ\",\n description: \"Open back unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"hot\", transcription: \"/hɑt/\", meaning: \"having a high temperature\" },\n { word: \"father\", transcription: \"/ˈfɑðər/\", meaning: \"male parent\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɔ\",\n description: \"Open-mid back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"open-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"caught\", transcription: \"/kɔt/\", meaning: \"past tense of catch\" },\n { word: \"law\", transcription: \"/lɔ/\", meaning: \"system of rules\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"o\",\n description: \"Close-mid back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"go\", transcription: \"/ɡoʊ/\", meaning: \"to move\" },\n { word: \"boat\", transcription: \"/boʊt/\", meaning: \"a vessel for water transport\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ʊ\",\n description: \"Near-close back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"near-close\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"put\", transcription: \"/pʊt/\", meaning: \"to place something\" },\n { word: \"book\", transcription: \"/bʊk/\", meaning: \"a written work\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"u\",\n description: \"Close back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"boot\", transcription: \"/buːt/\", meaning: \"a type of footwear\" },\n { word: \"food\", transcription: \"/fuːd/\", meaning: \"substance consumed for nutrition\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ə\",\n description: \"Mid central vowel (schwa)\",\n frontness: \"central\",\n height: \"mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"about\", transcription: \"/əˈbaʊt/\", meaning: \"on the subject of\" },\n { word: \"sofa\", transcription: \"/ˈsoʊfə/\", meaning: \"a long upholstered seat\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ʌ\",\n description: \"Open-mid back unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"open-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"but\", transcription: \"/bʌt/\", meaning: \"except\" },\n { word: \"cut\", transcription: \"/kʌt/\", meaning: \"to divide with a sharp tool\" }\n ]\n }\n ]\n },\n {\n id: \"spanish\",\n name: \"Spanish\",\n family: \"Indo-European\",\n region: \"Europe/Latin America\",\n description: \"Spanish has a simple five-vowel system that is consistent across most dialects.\",\n vowels: [\n {\n ipa: \"i\",\n description: \"Close front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"sí\", transcription: \"/si/\", meaning: \"yes\" },\n { word: \"mi\", transcription: \"/mi/\", meaning: \"my\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"e\",\n description: \"Close-mid front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"qué\", transcription: \"/ke/\", meaning: \"what\" },\n { word: \"mesa\", transcription: \"/ˈme.sa/\", meaning: \"table\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"a\",\n description: \"Open front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"casa\", transcription: \"/ˈka.sa/\", meaning: \"house\" },\n { word: \"hablar\", transcription: \"/a.ˈβlaɾ/\", meaning: \"to speak\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"o\",\n description: \"Close-mid back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"no\", transcription: \"/no/\", meaning: \"no\" },\n { word: \"ojo\", transcription: \"/ˈo.xo/\", meaning: \"eye\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"u\",\n description: \"Close back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"tu\", transcription: \"/tu/\", meaning: \"your\" },\n { word: \"uno\", transcription: \"/ˈu.no/\", meaning: \"one\" }\n ]\n }\n ]\n },\n {\n id: \"japanese\",\n name: \"Japanese\",\n family: \"Japonic\",\n region: \"East Asia\",\n description: \"Japanese has a simple five-vowel system with phonemic length distinction.\",\n vowels: [\n {\n ipa: \"i\",\n description: \"Close front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"ki\", transcription: \"/ki/\", meaning: \"tree\" },\n { word: \"ichi\", transcription: \"/itɕi/\", meaning: \"one\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"e\",\n description: \"Close-mid front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"eki\", transcription: \"/eki/\", meaning: \"station\" },\n { word: \"sensei\", transcription: \"/seɰ̃sei/\", meaning: \"teacher\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"a\",\n description: \"Open central unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"central\",\n height: \"open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"aka\", transcription: \"/aka/\", meaning: \"red\" },\n { word: \"nani\", transcription: \"/nani/\", meaning: \"what\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"o\",\n description: \"Close-mid back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"ko\", transcription: \"/ko/\", meaning: \"child\" },\n { word: \"tori\", transcription: \"/toɾi/\", meaning: \"bird\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɯ\",\n description: \"Close back unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"umi\", transcription: \"/ɯmi/\", meaning: \"sea\" },\n { word: \"sushi\", transcription: \"/sɯɕi/\", meaning: \"sushi\" }\n ]\n }\n ]\n },\n {\n id: \"french\",\n name: \"French\",\n family: \"Indo-European\",\n region: \"Europe\",\n description: \"French has a rich vowel system including nasal vowels and front rounded vowels.\",\n vowels: [\n {\n ipa: \"i\",\n description: \"Close front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"si\", transcription: \"/si/\", meaning: \"if\" },\n { word: \"vie\", transcription: \"/vi/\", meaning: \"life\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"y\",\n description: \"Close front rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"tu\", transcription: \"/ty/\", meaning: \"you\" },\n { word: \"rue\", transcription: \"/ʁy/\", meaning: \"street\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"e\",\n description: \"Close-mid front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"été\", transcription: \"/ete/\", meaning: \"summer\" },\n { word: \"les\", transcription: \"/le/\", meaning: \"the (plural)\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ø\",\n description: \"Close-mid front rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"deux\", transcription: \"/dø/\", meaning: \"two\" },\n { word: \"feu\", transcription: \"/fø/\", meaning: \"fire\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɛ\",\n description: \"Open-mid front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"open-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"belle\", transcription: \"/bɛl/\", meaning: \"beautiful\" },\n { word: \"faire\", transcription: \"/fɛʁ/\", meaning: \"to do\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"œ\",\n description: \"Open-mid front rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"open-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"sœur\", transcription: \"/sœʁ/\", meaning: \"sister\" },\n { word: \"cœur\", transcription: \"/kœʁ/\", meaning: \"heart\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"a\",\n description: \"Open front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"chat\", transcription: \"/ʃa/\", meaning: \"cat\" },\n { word: \"là\", transcription: \"/la/\", meaning: \"there\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɑ\",\n description: \"Open back unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"pâte\", transcription: \"/pɑt/\", meaning: \"paste\" },\n { word: \"âge\", transcription: \"/ɑʒ/\", meaning: \"age\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɔ\",\n description: \"Open-mid back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"open-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"homme\", transcription: \"/ɔm/\", meaning: \"man\" },\n { word: \"porte\", transcription: \"/pɔʁt/\", meaning: \"door\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"o\",\n description: \"Close-mid back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"beau\", transcription: \"/bo/\", meaning: \"beautiful\" },\n { word: \"mot\", transcription: \"/mo/\", meaning: \"word\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"u\",\n description: \"Close back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"tout\", transcription: \"/tu/\", meaning: \"all\" },\n { word: \"vous\", transcription: \"/vu/\", meaning: \"you (plural)\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɛ̃\",\n description: \"Nasal open-mid front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"open-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"vin\", transcription: \"/vɛ̃/\", meaning: \"wine\" },\n { word: \"pain\", transcription: \"/pɛ̃/\", meaning: \"bread\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"œ̃\",\n description: \"Nasal open-mid front rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"open-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"un\", transcription: \"/œ̃/\", meaning: \"one\" },\n { word: \"parfum\", transcription: \"/paʁfœ̃/\", meaning: \"perfume\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɑ̃\",\n description: \"Nasal open back unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"dans\", transcription: \"/dɑ̃/\", meaning: \"in\" },\n { word: \"enfant\", transcription: \"/ɑ̃fɑ̃/\", meaning: \"child\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɔ̃\",\n description: \"Nasal open-mid back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"open-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"bon\", transcription: \"/bɔ̃/\", meaning: \"good\" },\n { word: \"maison\", transcription: \"/mɛzɔ̃/\", meaning: \"house\" }\n ]\n }\n ]\n },\n {\n id: \"arabic\",\n name: \"Arabic (Modern Standard)\",\n family: \"Afro-Asiatic\",\n region: \"Middle East/North Africa\",\n description: \"Arabic has a three-vowel system with length distinction.\",\n vowels: [\n {\n ipa: \"i\",\n description: \"Close front unrounded vowel (short)\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"بِنْت\", transcription: \"/bint/\", meaning: \"girl\" },\n { word: \"مِن\", transcription: \"/min/\", meaning: \"from\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"iː\",\n description: \"Close front unrounded vowel (long)\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"كَرِيم\", transcription: \"/kariːm/\", meaning: \"generous\" },\n { word: \"فِي\", transcription: \"/fiː/\", meaning: \"in\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"a\",\n description: \"Open front unrounded vowel (short)\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"كَتَبَ\", transcription: \"/kataba/\", meaning: \"he wrote\" },\n { word: \"قَلَم\", transcription: \"/qalam/\", meaning: \"pen\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"aː\",\n description: \"Open front unrounded vowel (long)\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"كِتَاب\", transcription: \"/kitaːb/\", meaning: \"book\" },\n { word: \"بَاب\", transcription: \"/baːb/\", meaning: \"door\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"u\",\n description: \"Close back rounded vowel (short)\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"كُتُب\", transcription: \"/kutub/\", meaning: \"books\" },\n { word: \"هُوَ\", transcription: \"/huwa/\", meaning: \"he\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"uː\",\n description: \"Close back rounded vowel (long)\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"نُور\", transcription: \"/nuːr/\", meaning: \"light\" },\n { word: \"سُوق\", transcription: \"/suːq/\", meaning: \"market\" }\n ]\n }\n ]\n },\n {\n id: \"mandarin\",\n name: \"Mandarin Chinese\",\n family: \"Sino-Tibetan\",\n region: \"East Asia\",\n description: \"Mandarin has a relatively simple vowel system but complex tonal patterns.\",\n vowels: [\n {\n ipa: \"i\",\n description: \"Close front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"你\", transcription: \"/ni⁵⁵/\", meaning: \"you\" },\n { word: \"西\", transcription: \"/ɕi⁵⁵/\", meaning: \"west\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"y\",\n description: \"Close front rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"鱼\", transcription: \"/y³⁵/\", meaning: \"fish\" },\n { word: \"绿\", transcription: \"/ly⁵¹/\", meaning: \"green\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"e\",\n description: \"Close-mid front unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"front\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"喝\", transcription: \"/xɤ⁵⁵/\", meaning: \"to drink\" },\n { word: \"和\", transcription: \"/xɤ³⁵/\", meaning: \"and\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"a\",\n description: \"Open central unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"central\",\n height: \"open\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"八\", transcription: \"/pa⁵⁵/\", meaning: \"eight\" },\n { word: \"妈\", transcription: \"/ma⁵⁵/\", meaning: \"mother\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"u\",\n description: \"Close back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"不\", transcription: \"/pu⁵¹/\", meaning: \"no\" },\n { word: \"路\", transcription: \"/lu⁵¹/\", meaning: \"road\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"ɤ\",\n description: \"Close-mid back unrounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: false,\n examples: [\n { word: \"色\", transcription: \"/sɤ⁵¹/\", meaning: \"color\" },\n { word: \"特\", transcription: \"/tʰɤ⁵¹/\", meaning: \"special\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n ipa: \"o\",\n description: \"Close-mid back rounded vowel\",\n frontness: \"back\",\n height: \"close-mid\",\n rounded: true,\n examples: [\n { word: \"波\", transcription: \"/po⁵⁵/\", meaning: \"wave\" },\n { word: \"多\", transcription: \"/two⁵⁵/\", meaning: \"many\" }\n ]\n }\n ]\n }\n];\n\n// Function to get all languages\nexport function getAllLanguages() {\n return languages.map(lang => ({\n id: lang.id,\n name: lang.name,\n family: lang.family,\n region: lang.region,\n vowelCount: lang.vowels.length\n }));\n}\n\n// Function to get a specific language by ID\nexport function getLanguageById(id: string) {\n return languages.find(lang => lang.id === id);\n}\n\n// Function to get all vowels across languages\nexport function getAllVowels() {\n const allVowels = new Set();\n languages.forEach(lang => {\n lang.vowels.forEach(vowel => {\n allVowels.add(vowel.ipa);\n });\n });\n return Array.from(allVowels);\n}\n\n// Function to get languages that contain a specific vowel\nexport function getLanguagesWithVowel(vowelIpa: string) {\n return languages.filter(lang => \n lang.vowels.some(vowel => vowel.ipa === vowelIpa)\n ).map(lang => ({\n id: lang.id,\n name: lang.name,\n family: lang.family\n }));\n}",[],[149,259],["D",1747870919787],[165,166],[149],["D",1747870712841],["D",1789560647748],{"_98":97,"_105":101},{"_98":97,"_99":-5,"_100":101,"_18":55,"_102":103,"_104":25},{"_13":14,"_32":88,"_44":43,"_89":45,"_90":-5,"_91":-5,"_92":-5,"_93":-5,"_94":-5,"_95":46,"_96":97},"ctx",{"_81":-5,"_125":306,"_307":308,"_309":310,"_311":25,"_312":25,"_313":25,"_314":58,"_315":-5,"_316":-7,"_317":-7,"_318":137,"_319":25,"_320":25,"_321":-5,"_322":25,"_323":25,"_324":25,"_325":-5},"ENV",{"_277":278,"_279":280,"_281":88,"_282":283,"_284":285,"_286":287,"_288":289,"_290":291,"_292":293,"_294":295,"_296":297,"_298":299,"_300":301,"_302":303,"_304":305},"REACT_APP_SENTRY_DSN","https://586020d86f05489db63a554690acf1e9@o1398359.ingest.sentry.io/6724499","RENDER_GIT_COMMIT","fdb67791413f4386b4dbf18f354029a617f6160f","RENDER_GIT_BRANCH","POSTHOG_API_TOKEN","phc_nmoyuAkStEZuUp69rYlg1DZgrIt19Gx0Y4Hwf8tGgJP","POSTHOG_API_HOST","https://wart.val.town","WEB_API_TEMPLATE","https://{val}.web.val.run","APP_URL","https://www.val.town","MODULE_URL","https://esm.town","VANITY_WEB_API_TEMPLATE","https://{label}.val.run/","DENOLS_URL","https://lsp.val.town","NODE_ENV","production","CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY","0x4AAAAAACtaIZJH7s9rBMZ6","GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID","875989696899-jtsqkhlbdv5jrlsk8631p7ipjg3c6o62.apps.googleusercontent.com","STRIPE_PUBLISHABLE_KEY","pk_live_51N2zvWEpZTTLipIkVEwXrUG9AT0yeOOEYxszarZT1jpsZV58Ly6wlg3SltZpHN26CUalOBmUSY7adQRQiSkCZz2500qSXNkf8Y","API_URL","https://api.val.town",[],"preferencesKeybindings","default","preferencesTheme","light","preferencesFixers","preferencesCopilot","preferencesSelectionAi","preferencesCloseBrackets","preferencesChatPanelState","preferencesDprint","preferencesDenofmt","notificationCount","flagDenols","isBusinessOrgMember","businessOrgHandle","isBusinessOrgAdmin","isHigherTownieTier","navCollapsed","currentOrgId"]

Diff · v12