tags?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"h1 { background-color:black }\",\n \"h1 { color:black }\",\n \"h1 { background:black }\",\n \"#h1 { background-color:black }\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 0,\n \"topic\": \"css\",\n \"quiz\": 1,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. `h1 { background-color:black }` is the correct CSS rule to set the background colour of all

elements to black.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is `h1 { background-color:black }`. The background-color property sets background colour, and h1 is a type selector for all h1 elements.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q1\",\n \"question\": \"Which of the following is in correct CSS syntax?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"body { color:black}\",\n \"body: color = black;\",\n \"{body: color black;}\",\n \"body.color = black;\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 0,\n \"topic\": \"css\",\n \"quiz\": 1,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. `body { color:black}` follows valid CSS syntax: selector followed by curly braces containing property:value pairs.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is `body { color:black}`. CSS syntax requires a selector, then curly braces with property:value declarations.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q1\",\n \"question\": \"Convert decimal 37370 to binary\",\n \"options\": [\n \"1001000111111100\",\n \"1001000111111010\",\n \"1001000111111110\",\n \"1001000011111100\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 1,\n \"topic\": \"number-systems\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. 37370 in binary is 1001000111111010.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is 1001000111111010. Converting 37370 to binary by repeated division gives this result.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q2\",\n \"question\": \"Convert Hexadecimal 23FB to Decimal\",\n \"options\": [\n \"73723\",\n \"9211\",\n \"9221\",\n \"9311\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 1,\n \"topic\": \"number-systems\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. 2×16³ + 3×16² + F×16 + B = 8192 + 768 + 240 + 11 = 9211.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is 9211. 23FB hex = 2×4096 + 3×256 + 15×16 + 11 = 8192 + 768 + 240 + 11 = 9211.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q3\",\n \"question\": \"Convert Hexadecimal 23CE to binary\",\n \"options\": [\n \"0010001111001110\",\n \"0010001111001100\",\n \"0010001011001110\",\n \"0010011111001110\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 0,\n \"topic\": \"number-systems\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. 2=0010, 3=0011, C=1100, E=1110, giving 0010001111001110.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is 0010001111001110. Convert each hex digit to 4 bits: 2=0010, 3=0011, C=1100, E=1110.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q4\",\n \"question\": \"What technique is used by search engines to collect data from the web?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"A. Web Indexing\",\n \"B. Web Scraping\",\n \"C. Web Mining\",\n \"D. Web Crawling\",\n \"E. Web Crawling\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 4,\n \"topic\": \"networking\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. Web Crawling is the technique used by search engines — automated bots (crawlers/spiders) traverse links to discover and collect web page data.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is E. Web Crawling. Search engine bots systematically follow links to collect page content for indexing.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q5\",\n \"question\": \"Convert binary 0110000000011011 to Hexadecimal\",\n \"options\": [\n \"601B\",\n \"601C\",\n \"701B\",\n \"600B\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 0,\n \"topic\": \"number-systems\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. 0110=6, 0000=0, 0001=1, 1011=B, giving 601B.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is 601B. Group binary into 4-bit nibbles: 0110=6, 0000=0, 0001=1, 1011=B.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q6\",\n \"question\": \"What does the CSS :active keyword do?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"none of these are correct\",\n \"Sets the style when you hover over a link\",\n \"Sets the style when you click on a link\",\n \"Sets the style for visited links\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 2,\n \"topic\": \"css\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. The :active pseudo-class sets the style for the moment a user clicks on (activates) a link or button.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is 'Sets the style when you click on a link.' :active applies during the click action.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q7\",\n \"question\": \"Which is a suitable method of dealing with deadlocks?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"Avoidance/Prevention\",\n \"Ignoring them\",\n \"Restarting all processes\",\n \"Increasing RAM\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 0,\n \"topic\": \"operating-systems\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. Avoidance/Prevention is a recognised deadlock handling strategy — it either prevents the conditions for deadlocks or uses algorithms to avoid unsafe states.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is 'Avoidance/Prevention.' Deadlocks can be handled by preventing or avoiding the conditions that lead to them.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q8\",\n \"question\": \"Convert decimal 34358 to hexadecimal\",\n \"options\": [\n \"8637\",\n \"8636\",\n \"8736\",\n \"8635\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 1,\n \"topic\": \"number-systems\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. 34358 in hexadecimal is 8636.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is 8636. Repeated division of 34358 by 16 gives the hex digits 8, 6, 3, 6.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q1\",\n \"question\": \"What is a sufficient reason to 'Observe/use Hotname (HTTP)' and 'Port/protocol'?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"DTS can identify security in exposed services\",\n \"DTS can identify security in port-based systems\",\n \"You should use the port-based protocol system\",\n \"You cannot use the standard protocol in that situation\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 0,\n \"topic\": \"networking\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. Observing hostname and protocol/port helps identify and manage exposed services for security purposes.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer relates to DTS identifying security in exposed services using hostname and port/protocol information.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q2\",\n \"question\": \"Which of the following is a characteristic of IPC (inter-process communication) in Unix/Linux?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"Processes communicate by sharing files\",\n \"Processes always run in separate memory spaces and communicate via IPC mechanisms\",\n \"Processes share the same memory space by default\",\n \"Processes only communicate via network sockets\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 1,\n \"topic\": \"operating-systems\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. In Unix/Linux, processes run in separate memory spaces and use IPC mechanisms (pipes, sockets, shared memory, signals) to communicate.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is that processes run in separate memory spaces and communicate via IPC mechanisms like pipes and sockets.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q3\",\n \"question\": \"How is the difference between the
and HTML elements?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"
is a block-level element while is an inline element\",\n \" is a block-level element while
is an inline element\",\n \"They are both block-level elements\",\n \"They are both inline elements\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 0,\n \"topic\": \"html\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct.
is a block-level element (creates a new block) while is an inline element (flows within text content).\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is '
is a block-level element while is an inline element.'\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q4\",\n \"question\": \"What is the difference between Data Encryption Standard (DES) and RSA Encryption?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"A. DES is public key encryption, RSA is symmetric key encryption\",\n \"B. DES is asymmetric key encryption, RSA is symmetric key encryption\",\n \"C. They are both symmetric key encryption methods\",\n \"D. DES is symmetric key encryption, RSA is public key encryption\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 3,\n \"topic\": \"security\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. DES is symmetric key encryption (same key for encrypt/decrypt), while RSA is public key (asymmetric) encryption.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is D. DES uses symmetric key encryption; RSA uses public key (asymmetric) encryption.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q5\",\n \"question\": \"What sort of network is TCP/IP?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"A. Packet Switching\",\n \"B. Circuit Switching\",\n \"C. Message Switching\",\n \"D. Cell Switching\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 0,\n \"topic\": \"networking\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. TCP/IP is a packet switching network — data is broken into packets that travel independently across the network and are reassembled at the destination.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is A. Packet Switching. TCP/IP breaks data into packets that are routed independently through the network.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q6\",\n \"question\": \"What are examples of non-repudiation in security?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"A. Digital signatures\",\n \"B. Encryption\",\n \"C. Firewalls\",\n \"D. Passwords\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 0,\n \"topic\": \"security\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. Digital signatures provide non-repudiation — they prove that a message came from a specific sender and the sender cannot deny having sent it.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is A. Digital signatures provide non-repudiation by cryptographically binding the sender to the message.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q1\",\n \"question\": \"Which of the following is equivalent to B OR NOT(A OR B)?\",\n \"options\": [\n \"A OR NOT(B)\",\n \"B OR NOT(A)\",\n \"NOT(A) AND NOT(B)\",\n \"A AND B\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 1,\n \"topic\": \"boolean-logic\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. By De Morgan's law: NOT(A OR B) = NOT(A) AND NOT(B). So B OR (NOT(A) AND NOT(B)) simplifies to B OR NOT(A).\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is B OR NOT(A). Apply De Morgan's theorem: NOT(A OR B) = NOT(A) AND NOT(B), then simplify B OR (NOT(A) AND NOT(B)) = B OR NOT(A).\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n },\n {\n \"id\": \"q2\",\n \"question\": \"Convert binary 1000111101010000 to decimal\",\n \"options\": [\n \"36500\",\n \"36600\",\n \"36688\",\n \"36700\"\n ],\n \"correctIndex\": 2,\n \"topic\": \"number-systems\",\n \"quiz\": 2,\n \"feedback\": {\n \"correct\": \"Correct. 1000111101010000 in decimal is 36688.\",\n \"incorrect\": \"Incorrect. The answer is 36688. Converting binary 1000111101010000 to decimal yields 36688.\"\n },\n \"year\": 2016\n }\n]","deleted","label",[179,180,163],"valtown","chunks","permalink","https://www.val.town/x/cookiemonster0921/webSystemsQuiz2/code/valtown/chunks/2016_p03.json","extension","json","actionData","errors"]