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The Bridge Builder

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Horace King, 1807 — 1885

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Enslaved engineer, master bridge builder, Alabama legislator

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Chattahoochee Collection · Episode 2

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The Life

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Born into slavery in South Carolina. Purchased by contractor John Godwin around 1830. By 1833, King was building the first public bridge connecting Columbus, Georgia, and Girard, Alabama — while legally classified as property.

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Over the next fifty years, he would design and construct bridges, courthouses, and public buildings across Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Florida. He was emancipated by an act of the Alabama legislature in 1846, served in the Alabama House of Representatives during Reconstruction, and raised sons who continued the trade into the next century.

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Key Structures

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Structure	Location	Date
Columbus City Bridge	Columbus, GA / Girard, AL	1833
40 Cotton Warehouses	Apalachicola, FL	1834
West Point Toll Bridge	Chattahoochee River	~1838
Eufaula Bridge	Chattahoochee River	~1838–40
Muscogee County Courthouse	Columbus, GA	~1839–41
Wetumpka Bridge	Wetumpka, AL	1844
AL State Capitol (staircases)	Montgomery, AL	~1850s
Moore's Bridge (toll)	Chattahoochee River	~1855
Flint River Bridge	Albany, GA	1858
Lee County Courthouse	Opelika, AL	1867

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The Family

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Name	Years	Notes
Frances Gould Thomas (wife)	1825–1864	Free Black woman; children born free
Washington W. King	1843–1910	Built Watson Mill Bridge (1885)
Marshall Ney King	1844–1879	—
John Thomas King	1846–1926	—
Annie Elizabeth King	1848–1919	—
George King	1850–1899	Rebuilt Wehadkee Creek bridge (1890)
Sarah Jane Jones McManus (wife)	married 1865	No children

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Sources

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Lupold & French, Bridging Deep South Rivers (UGA Press, 2004). Encyclopedia of Alabama. New Georgia Encyclopedia. Alabama Digital Archives (1846 emancipation act).

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